Everything about Arses Of Persia totally explained
» Arses redirects here. For the
genus of
monarch flycatchers, see
Arses (genus).
Artaxerxes (Artaxšacā) IV Arses, King of
Persia between
338 BC and
336 BC. He was the youngest son of King
Artaxerxes III and Atossa and wasn't expected to succeed to the throne of Persia. His unexpected rise to the throne came in
338 BC as a result of the murder of his father and most of his family by
Bagoas, the powerful Vizier of Persia who had recently fallen in Artaxerxes' disfavor. Bagoas sought to remain in office by replacing Artaxerxes with his son Arses (Artaxerxes IV), whom he thought easier to control. Arses remained little more than a puppet-king during the two years of his reign while Bagoas acted as the power behind the throne. Eventually, disgruntled by this state of affairs and possibly influenced by the nobles of the Royal Court, who generally held Bagoas in contempt, Arses started planning Bagoas' murder. The Vizier again acted first in order to protect himself and managed to poison Arses. Bagoas then raised a cousin of Arses to the throne as King
Darius III of Persia. A major concern for Persia during this King's short reign were hostilities on the western borders with
Macedonia under Kings
Philip II of Macedon and
Alexander the Great. This would lead to war between the two states during the reign of Arses' successor.
He is known as Arses in Greek sources and that seems to be his real name but the Xanthus trilingue and potsherds from
Samaria report that he'd taken the royal name of Artaxerxes IV, following his father and grandfather.
Etymology
Arses is a
Greek rendering of an old Persian name .The Iranian form is attested in
Avestan Aršan- (etymologically related to Greek
arsēn "male, manly" ) and in
old Persian it's preserved in
Aršaka and
Aršāma .
Further Information
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